Makefile

# CoreX OS Makefile
# Simple x86 OS build system

# Compiler and tools
CC = gcc
LD = ld
NASM = nasm
QEMU = qemu-system-i386

# Flags
CFLAGS = -m32 -ffreestanding -fno-pie -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Iinclude -nostdlib -nostdinc -mno-sse -mno-sse2 -mno-mmx
LDFLAGS = -m elf_i386 -T kernel/linker.ld --oformat binary
ASFLAGS = --32

# Directories
BOOTLOADER_DIR = bootloader
KERNEL_DIR = kernel
DRIVERS_DIR = drivers
LIB_DIR = lib
INCLUDE_DIR = include

# Output
BOOTLOADER_BIN = bootloader/boot.bin
KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN = kernel/kernel_entry.bin
KERNEL_BIN = kernel.bin
OS_IMAGE = os-image.bin
ISO_DIR = isodir
ISO_FILE = CoreX.iso

# Source files
KERNEL_SOURCES = $(wildcard $(KERNEL_DIR)/*.c)
DRIVER_SOURCES = $(wildcard $(DRIVERS_DIR)/*.c)
LIB_SOURCES = $(wildcard $(LIB_DIR)/*.c)
ASM_SOURCES = $(wildcard $(KERNEL_DIR)/*.s)

# Object files
KERNEL_OBJECTS = $(KERNEL_SOURCES:.c=.o)
DRIVER_OBJECTS = $(DRIVER_SOURCES:.c=.o)
LIB_OBJECTS = $(LIB_SOURCES:.c=.o)
ASM_OBJECTS = $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)

ALL_OBJECTS = $(ASM_OBJECTS) $(KERNEL_OBJECTS) $(DRIVER_OBJECTS) $(LIB_OBJECTS)

# Default target
all: $(KERNEL_BIN)

# Build kernel binary
$(KERNEL_BIN): $(ALL_OBJECTS)
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^

# Compile C files
%.o: %.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

# Compile assembly files
%.o: %.s
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Run in QEMU
run: $(KERNEL_BIN)
	$(QEMU) -kernel $(KERNEL_BIN)

# Run in QEMU with debugging
debug: $(KERNEL_BIN)
	$(QEMU) -kernel $(KERNEL_BIN) -s -S

# Create bootable ISO (optional)
iso: $(KERNEL_BIN)
	mkdir -p $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub
	cp $(KERNEL_BIN) $(ISO_DIR)/boot/
	echo 'set timeout=0' > $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	echo 'set default=0' >> $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	echo 'menuentry "CoreX OS" {' >> $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	echo '    multiboot /boot/$(KERNEL_BIN)' >> $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	echo '    boot' >> $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	echo '}' >> $(ISO_DIR)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	grub-mkrescue -o $(ISO_FILE) $(ISO_DIR)

# Kernel object list (must appear before rules using C_KERNEL_BIN)
KERNEL_STUB_OBJ = kernel/kernel_stub.o
KERNEL_C_OBJ = kernel/kernel.o
IDT_OBJ = kernel/idt.o
ISR_OBJ = kernel/isr.o
PIC_OBJ = kernel/pic.o
TIMER_OBJ = kernel/timer.o
PMM_OBJ = kernel/pmm.o
PAGING_OBJ = kernel/paging.o
KEYBOARD_OBJ = kernel/keyboard.o
SHELL_OBJ = kernel/shell.o
SCHEDULER_OBJ = kernel/scheduler.o
SWITCH_OBJ = kernel/switch.o
FS_OBJ = kernel/fs.o
GRAPHICS_OBJ = kernel/graphics.o
TETRIS_OBJ = kernel/tetris.o
PONG_OBJ = kernel/pong.o
BREAKOUT_OBJ = kernel/breakout.o
MINESWEEPER_OBJ = kernel/minesweeper.o
C_KERNEL_BIN = kernel/kernel_c.bin
C_KERNEL_TMP = kernel/kernel_c.tmp

# Build bootloader
bootloader: $(BOOTLOADER_BIN)

# Pad kernel to whole sectors, then assemble bootloader with matching sector count
$(C_KERNEL_BIN): $(KERNEL_STUB_OBJ) $(KERNEL_C_OBJ) $(IDT_OBJ) $(ISR_OBJ) $(PIC_OBJ) $(TIMER_OBJ) $(PMM_OBJ) $(PAGING_OBJ) $(KEYBOARD_OBJ) $(SHELL_OBJ) $(SCHEDULER_OBJ) $(SWITCH_OBJ) $(FS_OBJ) $(GRAPHICS_OBJ) $(TETRIS_OBJ) $(PONG_OBJ) $(BREAKOUT_OBJ) $(MINESWEEPER_OBJ)
	$(LD) -m i386pe -T kernel/linker.ld --image-base 0x0 -o $(C_KERNEL_TMP) $^ --entry=_start
	objcopy -O binary $(C_KERNEL_TMP) $@
	@SIZE=$$(wc -c < $@ | tr -d ' '); \
	PAD=$$(( (512 - SIZE % 512) % 512 )); \
	if [ $$PAD -ne 0 ]; then dd if=/dev/zero bs=1 count=$$PAD >> $@ 2>/dev/null; fi

$(BOOTLOADER_BIN): bootloader/boot.asm $(C_KERNEL_BIN)
	@SIZE=$$(wc -c < $(C_KERNEL_BIN) | tr -d ' '); \
	N=$$(( ($$SIZE + 511) / 512 )); \
	printf '%%define KERNEL_SECTORS %s\n' "$$N" > kernel/build_info.inc
	$(NASM) -f bin -Ikernel $< -o $@

$(KERNEL_STUB_OBJ): kernel/kernel_stub.asm
	$(NASM) -f elf32 $< -o $@

$(ISR_OBJ): kernel/isr.asm
	$(NASM) -f elf32 $< -o $@

$(SWITCH_OBJ): kernel/switch.asm
	$(NASM) -f elf32 $< -o $@

$(KERNEL_C_OBJ): kernel/kernel.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(IDT_OBJ): kernel/idt.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(PIC_OBJ): kernel/pic.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(TIMER_OBJ): kernel/timer.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(PMM_OBJ): kernel/pmm.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(PAGING_OBJ): kernel/paging.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(KEYBOARD_OBJ): kernel/keyboard.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(SHELL_OBJ): kernel/shell.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(SCHEDULER_OBJ): kernel/scheduler.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(FS_OBJ): kernel/fs.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(GRAPHICS_OBJ): kernel/graphics.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(TETRIS_OBJ): kernel/tetris.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(PONG_OBJ): kernel/pong.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(BREAKOUT_OBJ): kernel/breakout.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(MINESWEEPER_OBJ): kernel/minesweeper.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

# Build assembly-only kernel (legacy)
kernel-entry: $(KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN)

$(KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN): kernel/kernel_entry.asm
	$(NASM) -f bin $< -o $@

# Create bootable OS image with C kernel
os-image-c: $(BOOTLOADER_BIN) $(C_KERNEL_BIN)
	cat $(BOOTLOADER_BIN) $(C_KERNEL_BIN) > $(OS_IMAGE)
	@SIZE=$$(wc -c < $(OS_IMAGE) | tr -d ' '); \
	PAD=$$(( 1474560 - SIZE )); \
	if [ $$PAD -gt 0 ]; then dd if=/dev/zero bs=1 count=$$PAD >> $(OS_IMAGE) 2>/dev/null; fi

# Create bootable OS image with assembly kernel (legacy)
os-image: $(OS_IMAGE)

$(OS_IMAGE): $(BOOTLOADER_BIN) $(KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN)
	cat $(BOOTLOADER_BIN) $(KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN) > $(OS_IMAGE)

# Run complete OS with C kernel in QEMU
run-c-os: os-image-c
	$(QEMU) -fda $(OS_IMAGE)

# Run complete OS with assembly kernel in QEMU (legacy)
run-os: $(OS_IMAGE)
	$(QEMU) -fda $(OS_IMAGE)

# Test bootloader only (legacy)
test-bootloader: $(BOOTLOADER_BIN)
	$(QEMU) -drive format=raw,file=$(BOOTLOADER_BIN)

# Create web version
web: os-image-c
	mkdir -p docs
	cp $(OS_IMAGE) docs/os-image.bin

# Clean build artifacts
clean:
	rm -f $(ALL_OBJECTS) $(KERNEL_BIN) $(BOOTLOADER_BIN) $(KERNEL_ENTRY_BIN) $(OS_IMAGE)
	rm -f $(KERNEL_STUB_OBJ) $(KERNEL_C_OBJ) $(IDT_OBJ) $(ISR_OBJ) $(PIC_OBJ) $(TIMER_OBJ) $(PMM_OBJ) $(PAGING_OBJ) $(KEYBOARD_OBJ) $(SHELL_OBJ) $(SCHEDULER_OBJ) $(SWITCH_OBJ) $(FS_OBJ) $(GRAPHICS_OBJ) $(TETRIS_OBJ) $(PONG_OBJ) $(BREAKOUT_OBJ) $(MINESWEEPER_OBJ) $(C_KERNEL_BIN) $(C_KERNEL_TMP)
	rm -rf $(ISO_DIR) $(ISO_FILE)

.PHONY: all run debug clean iso bootloader kernel-entry os-image os-image-c run-os run-c-os test-bootloader web