Makefile

# Rix - Rust Intelligentia UniX - Build System
# Minimal x64 Operating System in Rust

# Use rustup's nightly toolchain
export PATH := /Users/pg/.rustup/toolchains/nightly-aarch64-apple-darwin/bin:$(PATH)

# Detect OS and set tools
UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
    AS = nasm
    LD = /opt/homebrew/bin/ld.lld
    OBJCOPY = /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/llvm-objcopy
else
    AS = nasm
    LD = ld.lld
    OBJCOPY = objcopy
endif

# Rust configuration
CARGO = cargo
RUSTFLAGS = -C link-arg=-nostdlib -C code-model=kernel -C relocation-model=static

# Flags
ASFLAGS = -f elf64 -w-label-redef-late
KERNEL_LD = kernel/linker.ld
APP_LD = apps/app.ld

# Source files
STAGE1_SRC = boot/stage1.asm
STAGE2_SRC = boot/stage2.asm
KERNEL_ASM = kernel/entry.asm

# Output
STAGE1_BIN = build/stage1.bin
STAGE2_BIN = build/stage2.bin
KERNEL_ENTRY_OBJ = build/entry.o
KERNEL_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/librix_kernel.a
KERNEL_ELF = build/kernel.elf
KERNEL_BIN = build/kernel.bin

# App outputs
APP_KCALC_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libkcalc.a
APP_HELLO_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libhello.a
APP_CRASH_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libcrash.a
APP_CALC_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libcalc.a
APP_SHELL_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libshell.a
APP_TICK_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libtick.a
APP_TOCK_LIB = target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/libtock.a
APP_KCALC_BIN = build/apps/kcalc.bin
APP_HELLO_BIN = build/apps/hello.bin
APP_CRASH_BIN = build/apps/crash.bin
APP_CALC_BIN = build/apps/calc.bin
APP_SHELL_BIN = build/apps/shell.bin
APP_TICK_BIN = build/apps/tick.bin
APP_TOCK_BIN = build/apps/tock.bin

APP_TABLE = build/apps.img
OS_IMAGE = build/rix.img

.PHONY: all clean run kernel apps

all: $(OS_IMAGE)

# Create build directory
build:
	mkdir -p build
	mkdir -p build/apps

# Stage 1 bootloader
$(STAGE1_BIN): $(STAGE1_SRC) | build
	$(AS) -f bin $< -o $@

# Stage 2 bootloader
$(STAGE2_BIN): $(STAGE2_SRC) | build
	$(AS) -f bin $< -o $@

# Kernel entry (assembly)
$(KERNEL_ENTRY_OBJ): $(KERNEL_ASM) | build
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Build Rust kernel
$(KERNEL_LIB): kernel/*.rs kernel/build.rs
	cd kernel && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

# Link kernel
$(KERNEL_ELF): $(KERNEL_ENTRY_OBJ) $(KERNEL_LIB)
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(KERNEL_LD) -o $@ $(KERNEL_ENTRY_OBJ) $(KERNEL_LIB)

# Convert to binary
$(KERNEL_BIN): $(KERNEL_ELF)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $< $@

# Build Rust apps
$(APP_KCALC_LIB): apps/kcalc/kcalc.rs
	cd apps/kcalc && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_HELLO_LIB): apps/hello/hello.rs
	cd apps/hello && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_CRASH_LIB): apps/crash/crash.rs
	cd apps/crash && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_CALC_LIB): apps/calc/calc.rs apps/userlib.rs
	cd apps/calc && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_SHELL_LIB): apps/shell/shell.rs apps/userlib.rs
	cd apps/shell && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_TICK_LIB): apps/tick/tick.rs apps/userlib.rs
	cd apps/tick && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

$(APP_TOCK_LIB): apps/tock/tock.rs apps/userlib.rs
	cd apps/tock && $(CARGO) build --release --target ../../x86_64-unknown-none.json -Z build-std=core,compiler_builtins -Z build-std-features=compiler-builtins-mem

# Link apps
# Kernel apps use kernel_app.ld (loaded at 0x400000)
$(APP_KCALC_BIN): $(APP_KCALC_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T apps/kernel_app.ld -o build/apps/kcalc.elf $(APP_KCALC_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/kcalc.elf $@

# User apps use app.ld (loaded at 0x800000)
$(APP_HELLO_BIN): $(APP_HELLO_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/hello.elf $(APP_HELLO_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/hello.elf $@

$(APP_CRASH_BIN): $(APP_CRASH_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/crash.elf $(APP_CRASH_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/crash.elf $@

$(APP_CALC_BIN): $(APP_CALC_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/calc.elf $(APP_CALC_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/calc.elf $@

$(APP_SHELL_BIN): $(APP_SHELL_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/shell.elf $(APP_SHELL_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/shell.elf $@

$(APP_TICK_BIN): $(APP_TICK_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/tick.elf $(APP_TICK_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/tick.elf $@

$(APP_TOCK_BIN): $(APP_TOCK_LIB) | build
	$(LD) -nostdlib -T $(APP_LD) -o build/apps/tock.elf $(APP_TOCK_LIB)
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary build/apps/tock.elf $@

# App table
$(APP_TABLE): $(APP_KCALC_BIN) $(APP_HELLO_BIN) $(APP_CRASH_BIN) $(APP_CALC_BIN) $(APP_SHELL_BIN) $(APP_TICK_BIN) $(APP_TOCK_BIN)
	python3 build_apptable.py $@ $(APP_KCALC_BIN) --usermode $(APP_HELLO_BIN) --usermode $(APP_CRASH_BIN) --usermode $(APP_CALC_BIN) --usermode $(APP_SHELL_BIN) --usermode $(APP_TICK_BIN) --usermode $(APP_TOCK_BIN)

# Create bootable image
# Layout: sector 0 = stage1, sectors 1-4 = stage2, sectors 5-8196 = kernel (up to 4MB), sector 8197+ = app table (up to 16MB)
$(OS_IMAGE): $(STAGE1_BIN) $(STAGE2_BIN) $(KERNEL_BIN) $(APP_TABLE)
	dd if=/dev/zero of=$@ bs=512 count=40965 2>/dev/null
	dd if=$(STAGE1_BIN) of=$@ conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
	dd if=$(STAGE2_BIN) of=$@ bs=512 seek=1 conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
	dd if=$(KERNEL_BIN) of=$@ bs=512 seek=5 conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
	# App table at sector 8197 (after 4MB kernel space)
	dd if=$(APP_TABLE) of=$@ bs=512 seek=8197 conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
	@echo "✓ Rix image created successfully!"

# Run in QEMU
run: $(OS_IMAGE)
	qemu-system-x86_64 -drive format=raw,file=$(OS_IMAGE) -m 256M

# Clean
clean:
	rm -rf build target
	cd kernel && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/kcalc && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/hello && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/crash && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/calc && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/shell && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/tick && $(CARGO) clean
	cd apps/tock && $(CARGO) clean