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Prerequisites & Basic Tools

1. Useful Utilities

Before setting up the virtualization environment, it is helpful to install some basic utilities.

Kate Markdown Viewer

To preview Markdown files effectively in Kate: Kate as Markdown Editor (German)

sudo apt install markdownpart

Dolphin (File Manager) Authorization

To open files with root privileges directly from Dolphin:

sudo apt install kio-admin

Brave Browser

Installing the Brave browser:

sudo apt install curl
sudo curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg
sudo curl -fsSLo /etc/apt/sources.list.d/brave-browser-release.sources https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/brave-browser.sources
sudo apt update
sudo apt install brave-browser

2. Incus Installation

Incus is a modern system container and virtual machine manager.

Official Documentation: Incus Installation

sudo apt install incus
sudo apt install qemu-system
sudo incus admin init

Initialization Questions & Recommended Answers

Question Answer Note
Use clustering? no
Configure new storage pool? yes
New storage pool name default
Storage backend btrfs Recommended for snapshots/efficiency.
Create new btrfs subvolume? yes
Create new local network bridge? yes
New bridge name incusbr0
IPv4 address auto
IPv6 address auto
Server available over network? yes Needed for remote/local UI access.
Bind address all
Bind port 8443
Update stale cached images? no
Print YAML "init" preseed? no

3. Incus Web UI Setup

The Web UI allows you to manage your VMs and containers graphically.

References:

Installation Steps

  1. Add the Zabbly repository key:

    sudo curl -fsSL https://pkgs.zabbly.com/key.asc | gpg --show-keys --fingerprint
sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings/
sudo curl -fsSL https://pkgs.zabbly.com/key.asc -o /etc/apt/keyrings/zabbly.asc

  2. Add the repository source:

    sudo sh -c 'cat <<EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbly-incus-stable.sources
Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: https://pkgs.zabbly.com/incus/stable
Suites: $(. /etc/os-release && echo ${VERSION_CODENAME})
Components: main
Architectures: $(dpkg --print-architecture)
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/zabbly.asc
EOF'

  3. Install the UI package:

    sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -y incus-ui-canonical

Accessing the UI

  1. Open your browser and navigate to: https://localhost:8443

  2. Certificate/Password: You will need to authenticate.

  3. To allow the browser to connect securely, add your client certificate to Incus. (Usually, the browser will prompt you to generate one or you export it).

    If you have a certificate file (e.g., incus-ui.crt), add it:

    sudo incus config trust add-certificate Downloads/incus-ui.crt