diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index e7602a8..cc1f02d 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@pulumi/github": "^6.7.3",
+        "@pulumi/github": "^6.11.0",
         "@pulumi/googleworkspace": "file:sdks/googleworkspace",
         "@pulumi/pulumi": "^3.218.0",
         "@pulumi/random": "^4.14.0"
@@ -655,9 +655,9 @@
       "license": "BSD-3-Clause"
     },
     "node_modules/@pulumi/github": {
-      "version": "6.9.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@pulumi/github/-/github-6.9.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-B7FcceruXfMClws4poIyUfJoy2dqcdhi8P5+ahfArIeaDjFDlcRNU9SZbfFRbkdoXflMJi+AI3rWabyvqS2+YQ==",
+      "version": "6.12.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@pulumi/github/-/github-6.12.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OsbQgF8go/tA1PuMhFq7O0XVfYbwRk0/LHaZTH6OFO395SufdFFa1go3IeXvJCSA5oDCbdULerGg4n9sP8vTLg==",
       "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@pulumi/pulumi": "^3.142.0"
diff --git a/src/discord.ts b/src/discord.ts
index d08f17a..99896c2 100644
--- a/src/discord.ts
+++ b/src/discord.ts
@@ -20,31 +20,63 @@ interface DiscordApiError {
   message: string;
 }
 
+interface DiscordRateLimitResponse {
+  message: string;
+  retry_after: number;
+  global: boolean;
+}
+
+function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+  return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
 async function discordFetch<T>(
   token: string,
   endpoint: string,
-  options: RequestInit = {}
+  options: RequestInit = {},
+  maxRetries = 5
 ): Promise<T> {
-  const response = await fetch(`${DISCORD_API_BASE}${endpoint}`, {
-    ...options,
-    headers: {
-      Authorization: `Bot ${token}`,
-      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-      ...options.headers,
-    },
-  });
+  let lastError: Error | undefined;
+
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++) {
+    const response = await fetch(`${DISCORD_API_BASE}${endpoint}`, {
+      ...options,
+      headers: {
+        Authorization: `Bot ${token}`,
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        ...options.headers,
+      },
+    });
 
-  if (!response.ok) {
-    const error = (await response.json()) as DiscordApiError;
-    throw new Error(`Discord API error: ${error.message} (code: ${error.code})`);
-  }
+    if (response.status === 429) {
+      const body = (await response.json()) as DiscordRateLimitResponse;
+      const retryAfterMs = Math.ceil(body.retry_after * 1000) + Math.random() * 250;
+      lastError = new Error(
+        `Discord API rate limited on ${endpoint} (retry_after=${body.retry_after}s, global=${body.global})`
+      );
+      if (attempt < maxRetries) {
+        await sleep(retryAfterMs);
+        continue;
+      }
+      throw lastError;
+    }
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      const error = (await response.json()) as DiscordApiError;
+      throw new Error(`Discord API error: ${error.message} (code: ${error.code})`);
+    }
 
-  // Handle 204 No Content
-  if (response.status === 204) {
-    return undefined as T;
+    // Handle 204 No Content
+    if (response.status === 204) {
+      return undefined as T;
+    }
+
+    return response.json() as Promise<T>;
   }
 
-  return response.json() as Promise<T>;
+  throw (
+    lastError ?? new Error(`Discord API request to ${endpoint} failed after ${maxRetries} retries`)
+  );
 }
 
 // Discord API response types
@@ -122,8 +154,8 @@ const discordRoleProvider: pulumi.dynamic.ResourceProvider = {
           roleId: role.id,
         },
       };
-    } catch {
-      throw new Error(`Failed to read role ${id}`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw new Error(`Failed to read role ${id}: ${error}`);
     }
   },
 
@@ -303,7 +335,7 @@ const discordMemberRoleSyncProvider: pulumi.dynamic.ResourceProvider = {
           },
         };
       }
-      throw new Error(`Failed to read member roles for ${id}`);
+      throw new Error(`Failed to read member roles for ${id}: ${error}`);
     }
 
     const currentRoles = new Set(member.roles);