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Rotate Square Clockwise

Problem Definition:

Given an NxN square of integers (array of arrays), rotate it by one position clockwise. If given input is not a square, print out ERROR.

Example 1:

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

// after one rotation clockwise

4 1 2
7 5 3
8 9 6

Example 2:

10 11 12 13
21 50 51 14
20 53 52 15
19 18 17 16

// after one rotation clockwise

21 10 11 12
20 53 50 13
19 52 51 14
18 17 16 15

Notes:

  • Encountered this problem during an Amazon HackerRank challenge interview
  • I was hoping there was a clever way of rotating a matrix, like there is for 90 degree rotations (example). Unfortunately I couldn't discover one and went ahead with a straightforward/brute-force approach.