Remove use of fiona

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Code freeze date: YYYY-MM-DD
 Removed:
 
 - `pandas-datareader`
+- `fiona`
 
 ### Added
 - Added optional parameter to `geo_im_from_array`, `plot_from_gdf`, `plot_rp_imp`, `plot_rp_intensity`,
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ Removed:
 - `Hazard.local_exceedance_intensity`, `Hazard.local_return_period` and `Impact.local_exceedance_impact`, `Impact.local_return_period`, using the `climada.util.interpolation` module: New default (no binning), binning on decimals, and faster implementation [#1012](https://github.com/CLIMADA-project/climada_python/pull/1012)
 - World Bank indicator data is now downloaded directly from their API via the function `download_world_bank_indicator`, instead of relying on the `pandas-datareader` package [#1033](https://github.com/CLIMADA-project/climada_python/pull/1033)
 - `Exposures.write_hdf5` pickles geometry data in WKB format, which is faster and more sustainable. [#1051](https://github.com/CLIMADA-project/climada_python/pull/1051)
+- CLIMADA does not make explicit use of `fiona` anymore [#1057](https://github.com/CLIMADA-project/climada_python/pull/1057)
 
 ### Fixed
 

climada/engine/test/test_forecast.py

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import unittest
 from pathlib import Path
 
-import fiona
 import geopandas as gpd
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 import numpy as np
@@ -147,12 +146,12 @@ def test_Forecast_plot(self):
         adm1_shape_file = shapereader.natural_earth(
             resolution="10m", category="cultural", name="admin_1_states_provinces"
         )
+
         if not cantons_file.exists():
-            with fiona.open(adm1_shape_file, "r") as source:
-                with fiona.open(cantons_file, "w", **source.meta) as sink:
-                    for f in source:
-                        if f["properties"]["adm0_a3"] == "CHE":
-                            sink.write(f)
+            source = gpd.read_file(adm1_shape_file)
+            cantons_data = source[source["adm0_a3"] == "CHE"]
+            cantons_data.to_file(cantons_file)
+
         ## test plotting functions
         # should save plot without failing
         forecast.plot_imp_map(

climada/hazard/centroids/centr.py

@@ -820,12 +820,12 @@
 
     @classmethod
     def from_vector_file(cls, file_name, dst_crs=None):
-        """Create Centroids object from vector file (any format supported by fiona).
+        """Create Centroids object from vector file (any format supported by GeoPandas).
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         file_name : str
-            vector file with format supported by fiona and 'geometry' field.
+            vector file with format supported by GeoPandas and 'geometry' field.
         dst_crs : crs, optional
             reproject to given crs
             If no crs is given in the file, simply sets the crs.
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@
         -------
         df : DataFrame
         """
         df = pd.DataFrame(self.gdf)
         df["lon"] = self.gdf["geometry"].x
         df["lat"] = self.gdf["geometry"].y
         df["crs"] = CRS.from_user_input(self.crs).to_wkt()

climada/util/constants.py

@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@
 
 import matplotlib as mpl
 
-# pylint: disable=unused-import
-# without importing numpy ahead of fiona the debugger may run into an error
-import numpy
-from fiona.crs import from_epsg
-
 from .config import CONFIG
 
 SYSTEM_DIR = CONFIG.local_data.system.dir(create=False)
@@ -212,9 +207,6 @@
 DEF_CRS = f"EPSG:{DEF_EPSG}"
 """Default coordinate reference system WGS 84, str, for pyproj and rasterio CRS.from_string()"""
 
-DEF_CRS_FIONA = from_epsg(DEF_EPSG)
-"""Default coordinate reference system WGS 84, dict, for fiona interface"""
-
 cm_data1 = [
     [0.00000000, 0.00000000, 0.00000000],
     [0.00032031, 0.00020876, 0.00015576],

climada/util/coordinates.py

@@ -2635,12 +2635,12 @@ def refine_raster_data(data, transform, res, method="linear", fill_value=0):
 
 
 def read_vector(file_name, field_name, dst_crs=None):
-    """Read vector file format supported by fiona.
+    """Read vector file format supported by GeoPandas.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     file_name : str
-        vector file with format supported by fiona and 'geometry' field.
+        vector file with format supported by GeoPandas and 'geometry' field.
     field_name : list(str)
         list of names of the columns with values.
     dst_crs : crs, optional

doc/guide/Guide_Euler.ipynb

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@
     "```bash\n",
     "pip install \\\n",
     "  dask[dataframe] \\\n",
-    "  fiona==1.9 \\\n",
     "  gdal==3.6 \\\n",
     "  netcdf4==1.6.2 \\\n",
     "  rasterio==1.4 \\\n",

doc/tutorial/climada_entity_Exposures.ipynb

@@ -1657,18 +1657,15 @@
     "\n",
     "## Write (Save) Exposures\n",
     "\n",
-    "Exposures can be saved in any format available for `GeoDataFrame` (see fiona.supported_drivers) and `DataFrame` ([pandas IO tools](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/io.html)). Take into account that in many of these formats the metadata (e.g. variables `ref_year` and `value_unit`) will not be saved. Use instead the format hdf5 provided by `Exposures` methods `write_hdf5()` and `from_hdf5()` to handle all the data."
+    "Exposures can be saved in any format available for `GeoDataFrame` and `DataFrame` ([pandas IO tools](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/io.html)). Take into account that in many of these formats the metadata (e.g. variables `ref_year` and `value_unit`) will not be saved. Use instead the format hdf5 provided by `Exposures` methods `write_hdf5()` and `from_hdf5()` to handle all the data."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "import fiona\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fiona.supported_drivers\n",
     "from climada import CONFIG\n",
     "\n",
     "results = CONFIG.local_data.save_dir.dir()\n",

doc/tutorial/climada_hazard_Hazard.ipynb

@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@
     "\n",
     "- excel: Hazards can be read from Excel files following the template in `climada_python/climada/data/system/hazard_template.xlsx` using the `from_excel()` method. \n",
     "- MATLAB: Hazards generated with CLIMADA's MATLAB version (.mat format) can be read using `from_mat()`.\n",
-    "- vector data: Use `Hazard`'s `from_vector`-constructor to read shape data (all formats supported by [fiona](https://fiona.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html)).\n",
+    "- vector data: Use `Hazard`'s `from_vector`-constructor to read shape data (all formats supported by GeoPandas).\n",
     "- hdf5: Hazards generated with the CLIMADA in Python (.h5 format) can be read using `from_hdf5()`.\n"
    ]
   },

requirements/env_climada.yml

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ dependencies:
   - contextily>=1.6
   - dask>=2025.2
   - eccodes>=2.40
+  - fiona>=1.10
   - gdal>=3.10
-  - geopandas>=0.14,<1.0  # geopandas 1.0 does not depend on fiona anymore, hence fiona would need to be added as dependency
+  - geopandas>=0.14
   - h5py>=3.12
   - haversine>=2.9
   - matplotlib-base>=3.10

setup.py

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@
         "contextily",
         "dask",
         "deprecation",
+        "fiona",
         "geopandas",
         "h5py",
         "haversine",