feat: Support planning subqueries with OuterReferenceColumn belongs to non-adjacent outer relations

datafusion/expr/src/logical_plan/invariants.rs

@@ -208,14 +208,16 @@ pub fn check_subquery_expr(
                     if group_expr.contains(expr) && !aggr_expr.contains(expr) {
                         // TODO revisit this validation logic
                         plan_err!(
-                            "Correlated scalar subquery in the GROUP BY clause must also be in the aggregate expressions"
+                            "Correlated scalar subquery in the GROUP BY clause must \
+                            also be in the aggregate expressions"
                         )
                     } else {
                         Ok(())
                     }
                 }
                 _ => plan_err!(
-                    "Correlated scalar subquery can only be used in Projection, Filter, Aggregate plan nodes"
+                    "Correlated scalar subquery can only be used in Projection, \
+                    Filter, Aggregate plan nodes"
                 ),
             }?;
         }

datafusion/sql/src/expr/identifier.rs

@@ -76,15 +76,16 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
             }
 
             // Check the outer query schema
-            if let Some(outer) = planner_context.outer_query_schema()
-                && let Ok((qualifier, field)) =
+            for outer in planner_context.outer_queries_schemas() {
+                if let Ok((qualifier, field)) =
                     outer.qualified_field_with_unqualified_name(normalize_ident.as_str())
-            {
-                // Found an exact match on a qualified name in the outer plan schema, so this is an outer reference column
-                return Ok(Expr::OuterReferenceColumn(
-                    Arc::clone(field),
-                    Column::from((qualifier, field)),
-                ));
+                {
+                    // Found an exact match on a qualified name in the outer plan schema, so this is an outer reference column
+                    return Ok(Expr::OuterReferenceColumn(
+                        Arc::clone(field),
+                        Column::from((qualifier, field)),
+                    ));
+                }
             }
 
             // Default case
@@ -172,14 +173,14 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
                         not_impl_err!("compound identifier: {ids:?}")
                     } else {
                         // Check the outer_query_schema and try to find a match
-                        if let Some(outer) = planner_context.outer_query_schema() {
+                        for outer in planner_context.outer_queries_schemas() {
                             let search_result = search_dfschema(&ids, outer);
-                            match search_result {
+                            let result = match search_result {
                                 // Found matching field with spare identifier(s) for nested field(s) in structure
                                 Some((field, qualifier, nested_names))
                                     if !nested_names.is_empty() =>
                                 {
-                                    // TODO: remove when can support nested identifiers for OuterReferenceColumn
+                                    // TODO: remove this when we have support for nested identifiers for OuterReferenceColumn
                                     not_impl_err!(
                                         "Nested identifiers are not yet supported for OuterReferenceColumn {}",
                                         Column::from((qualifier, field))
@@ -195,26 +196,20 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
                                     ))
                                 }
                                 // Found no matching field, will return a default
-                                None => {
-                                    let s = &ids[0..ids.len()];
-                                    // safe unwrap as s can never be empty or exceed the bounds
-                                    let (relation, column_name) =
-                                        form_identifier(s).unwrap();
-                                    Ok(Expr::Column(Column::new(relation, column_name)))
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            let s = &ids[0..ids.len()];
-                            // Safe unwrap as s can never be empty or exceed the bounds
-                            let (relation, column_name) = form_identifier(s).unwrap();
-                            let mut column = Column::new(relation, column_name);
-                            if self.options.collect_spans
-                                && let Some(span) = ids_span
-                            {
-                                column.spans_mut().add_span(span);
-                            }
-                            Ok(Expr::Column(column))
+                                None => continue,
+                            };
+                            return result;
+                        }
+                        // Safe unwrap as column name can never be empty or exceed the bounds
+                        let (relation, column_name) =
+                            form_identifier(&ids[0..ids.len()]).unwrap();
+                        let mut column = Column::new(relation, column_name);
+                        if self.options.collect_spans
+                            && let Some(span) = ids_span
+                        {
+                            column.spans_mut().add_span(span);
                         }
+                        Ok(Expr::Column(column))
                     }
                 }
             }

datafusion/sql/src/expr/subquery.rs

@@ -31,11 +31,10 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         input_schema: &DFSchema,
         planner_context: &mut PlannerContext,
     ) -> Result<Expr> {
-        let old_outer_query_schema =
-            planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(Some(input_schema.clone().into()));
+        planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(input_schema.clone().into());
         let sub_plan = self.query_to_plan(subquery, planner_context)?;
         let outer_ref_columns = sub_plan.all_out_ref_exprs();
-        planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(old_outer_query_schema);
+        planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
         Ok(Expr::Exists(Exists {
             subquery: Subquery {
                 subquery: Arc::new(sub_plan),
@@ -54,8 +53,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         input_schema: &DFSchema,
         planner_context: &mut PlannerContext,
     ) -> Result<Expr> {
-        let old_outer_query_schema =
-            planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(Some(input_schema.clone().into()));
+        planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(Arc::new(input_schema.clone()));
 
         let mut spans = Spans::new();
         if let SetExpr::Select(select) = &subquery.body.as_ref() {
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
 
         let sub_plan = self.query_to_plan(subquery, planner_context)?;
         let outer_ref_columns = sub_plan.all_out_ref_exprs();
-        planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(old_outer_query_schema);
+        planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
 
         self.validate_single_column(
             &sub_plan,
@@ -98,8 +96,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         input_schema: &DFSchema,
         planner_context: &mut PlannerContext,
     ) -> Result<Expr> {
-        let old_outer_query_schema =
-            planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(Some(input_schema.clone().into()));
+        planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(Arc::new(input_schema.clone()));
         let mut spans = Spans::new();
         if let SetExpr::Select(select) = subquery.body.as_ref() {
             for item in &select.projection {
@@ -112,7 +109,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         }
         let sub_plan = self.query_to_plan(subquery, planner_context)?;
         let outer_ref_columns = sub_plan.all_out_ref_exprs();
-        planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(old_outer_query_schema);
+        planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
 
         self.validate_single_column(
             &sub_plan,
@@ -172,8 +169,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         input_schema: &DFSchema,
         planner_context: &mut PlannerContext,
     ) -> Result<Expr> {
-        let old_outer_query_schema =
-            planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(Some(input_schema.clone().into()));
+        planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(Arc::new(input_schema.clone()));
 
         let mut spans = Spans::new();
         if let SetExpr::Select(select) = subquery.body.as_ref() {
@@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
 
         let sub_plan = self.query_to_plan(subquery, planner_context)?;
         let outer_ref_columns = sub_plan.all_out_ref_exprs();
-        planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(old_outer_query_schema);
+        planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
 
         self.validate_single_column(
             &sub_plan,

datafusion/sql/src/planner.rs

@@ -261,8 +261,11 @@ pub struct PlannerContext {
     /// Map of CTE name to logical plan of the WITH clause.
     /// Use `Arc<LogicalPlan>` to allow cheap cloning
     ctes: HashMap<String, Arc<LogicalPlan>>,
-    /// The query schema of the outer query plan, used to resolve the columns in subquery
-    outer_query_schema: Option<DFSchemaRef>,
+
+    /// The queries schemas of outer query relations, used to resolve the outer referenced
+    /// columns in subquery (recursive aware)
+    outer_queries_schemas_stack: Vec<DFSchemaRef>,
+
     /// The joined schemas of all FROM clauses planned so far. When planning LATERAL
     /// FROM clauses, this should become a suffix of the `outer_query_schema`.
     outer_from_schema: Option<DFSchemaRef>,
@@ -282,7 +285,7 @@ impl PlannerContext {
         Self {
             prepare_param_data_types: Arc::new(vec![]),
             ctes: HashMap::new(),
-            outer_query_schema: None,
+            outer_queries_schemas_stack: vec![],
             outer_from_schema: None,
             create_table_schema: None,
         }
@@ -297,19 +300,26 @@ impl PlannerContext {
         self
     }
 
-    // Return a reference to the outer query's schema
-    pub fn outer_query_schema(&self) -> Option<&DFSchema> {
-        self.outer_query_schema.as_ref().map(|s| s.as_ref())
+    /// Return the stack of outer relations' schemas, the outer most
+    /// relation are at the first entry
+    pub fn outer_queries_schemas(&self) -> &[DFSchemaRef] {
+        &self.outer_queries_schemas_stack
     }
 
     /// Sets the outer query schema, returning the existing one, if
     /// any
-    pub fn set_outer_query_schema(
-        &mut self,
-        mut schema: Option<DFSchemaRef>,
-    ) -> Option<DFSchemaRef> {
-        std::mem::swap(&mut self.outer_query_schema, &mut schema);
-        schema
+    pub fn append_outer_query_schema(&mut self, schema: DFSchemaRef) {
+        self.outer_queries_schemas_stack.push(schema);
+    }
+
+    /// The schema of the adjacent outer relation
+    pub fn latest_outer_query_schema(&mut self) -> Option<&DFSchemaRef> {
+        self.outer_queries_schemas_stack.last()
+    }
+
+    /// Remove the schema of the adjacent outer relation
+    pub fn pop_outer_query_schema(&mut self) -> Option<DFSchemaRef> {
+        self.outer_queries_schemas_stack.pop()
     }
 
     pub fn set_table_schema(

datafusion/sql/src/relation/mod.rs

@@ -262,9 +262,10 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
             } => {
                 let tbl_func_ref = self.object_name_to_table_reference(name)?;
                 let schema = planner_context
-                    .outer_query_schema()
+                    .outer_queries_schemas()
+                    .last()
                     .cloned()
-                    .unwrap_or_else(DFSchema::empty);
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(DFSchema::empty()));
                 let func_args = args
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|arg| match arg {
@@ -310,20 +311,24 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         let old_from_schema = planner_context
             .set_outer_from_schema(None)
             .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(DFSchema::empty()));
-        let new_query_schema = match planner_context.outer_query_schema() {
-            Some(old_query_schema) => {
+        let outer_query_schema = planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
+        let new_query_schema = match outer_query_schema {
+            Some(ref old_query_schema) => {
                 let mut new_query_schema = old_from_schema.as_ref().clone();
-                new_query_schema.merge(old_query_schema);
-                Some(Arc::new(new_query_schema))
+                new_query_schema.merge(old_query_schema.as_ref());
+                Arc::new(new_query_schema)
             }
-            None => Some(Arc::clone(&old_from_schema)),
+            None => Arc::clone(&old_from_schema),
         };
-        let old_query_schema = planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(new_query_schema);
+        planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(new_query_schema);
 
         let plan = self.create_relation(subquery, planner_context)?;
         let outer_ref_columns = plan.all_out_ref_exprs();
 
-        planner_context.set_outer_query_schema(old_query_schema);
+        planner_context.pop_outer_query_schema();
+        if let Some(schema) = outer_query_schema {
+            planner_context.append_outer_query_schema(schema);
+        }
         planner_context.set_outer_from_schema(Some(old_from_schema));
 
         // We can omit the subquery wrapper if there are no columns

datafusion/sql/src/select.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use crate::utils::{
 
 use datafusion_common::error::DataFusionErrorBuilder;
 use datafusion_common::tree_node::{TreeNode, TreeNodeRecursion};
-use datafusion_common::{Column, Result, not_impl_err, plan_err};
+use datafusion_common::{Column, DFSchema, Result, not_impl_err, plan_err};
 use datafusion_common::{RecursionUnnestOption, UnnestOptions};
 use datafusion_expr::expr::{Alias, PlannedReplaceSelectItem, WildcardOptions};
 use datafusion_expr::expr_rewriter::{
@@ -637,12 +637,9 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
         match selection {
             Some(predicate_expr) => {
                 let fallback_schemas = plan.fallback_normalize_schemas();
-                let outer_query_schema = planner_context.outer_query_schema().cloned();
-                let outer_query_schema_vec = outer_query_schema
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .map(|schema| vec![schema])
-                    .unwrap_or_else(Vec::new);
 
+                let outer_query_schema_vec =
+                    planner_context.outer_queries_schemas().to_vec();
                 let filter_expr =
                     self.sql_to_expr(predicate_expr, plan.schema(), planner_context)?;
 
@@ -657,9 +654,19 @@ impl<S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'_, S> {
 
                 let mut using_columns = HashSet::new();
                 expr_to_columns(&filter_expr, &mut using_columns)?;
+                let mut schema_stack: Vec<Vec<&DFSchema>> =
+                    vec![vec![plan.schema()], fallback_schemas];
+                for sc in outer_query_schema_vec.iter().rev() {
+                    schema_stack.push(vec![sc.as_ref()]);
+                }
+
                 let filter_expr = normalize_col_with_schemas_and_ambiguity_check(
                     filter_expr,
-                    &[&[plan.schema()], &fallback_schemas, &outer_query_schema_vec],
+                    schema_stack
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|sc| sc.as_slice())
+                        .collect::<Vec<&[&DFSchema]>>()
+                        .as_slice(),
                     &[using_columns],
                 )?;
 

datafusion/sql/tests/common/mod.rs

@@ -161,12 +161,26 @@ impl ContextProvider for MockContextProvider {
             ])),
             "orders" => Ok(Schema::new(vec![
                 Field::new("order_id", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("o_orderkey", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("o_custkey", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("o_orderstatus", DataType::Utf8, false),
                 Field::new("customer_id", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("o_totalprice", DataType::Decimal32(15, 2), false),
                 Field::new("o_item_id", DataType::Utf8, false),
                 Field::new("qty", DataType::Int32, false),
                 Field::new("price", DataType::Float64, false),
                 Field::new("delivered", DataType::Boolean, false),
             ])),
+            "customer" => Ok(Schema::new(vec![
+                Field::new("c_custkey", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("c_name", DataType::Utf8, false),
+                Field::new("c_address", DataType::Utf8, false),
+                Field::new("c_nationkey", DataType::UInt32, false),
+                Field::new("c_phone", DataType::Decimal32(15, 2), false),
+                Field::new("c_acctbal", DataType::Float64, false),
+                Field::new("c_mktsegment", DataType::Utf8, false),
+                Field::new("c_comment", DataType::Utf8, false),
+            ])),
             "array" => Ok(Schema::new(vec![
                 Field::new(
                     "left",
@@ -186,8 +200,10 @@ impl ContextProvider for MockContextProvider {
                 ),
             ])),
             "lineitem" => Ok(Schema::new(vec![
+                Field::new("l_orderkey", DataType::UInt32, false),
                 Field::new("l_item_id", DataType::UInt32, false),
                 Field::new("l_description", DataType::Utf8, false),
+                Field::new("l_extendedprice", DataType::Decimal32(15, 2), false),
                 Field::new("price", DataType::Float64, false),
             ])),
             "aggregate_test_100" => Ok(Schema::new(vec![