[FLINK-38964][table] Reuse Calcite's SqlValidatorImpl#maybeCast

[snuyanzin]

What is the purpose of the change

This method was introduced in FLINK-26460 (Calcite 1.26)
Since then we bumped Calcite 10 versions up (now it is 1.36)
the problem is fixed in Calcite

Verifying this change

Existing tests added within FLINK-26460

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): ( no)
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): ( no)
• The serializers: ( no)
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): ( no)
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: (no)
• The S3 file system connector: (no)

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? ( no)
• If yes, how is the feature documented? (not applicable)

[snuyanzin]

this change has already been committed to Calcite and will come with future updates
apache/calcite@f6271b7

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• 1004f7a Azure: FAILURE

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