feat(java): update Java library and fix CI

[yangxk1]

Reason for this PR

As described in issue #704, the current Java library version is outdated and not working.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Updated the version of libarrow libraries

• Set Ubuntu version to ubuntu-22.04

• Changed the namespace from gar / GraphArchive to graphar for consistency with C++ library

• Refactored Java interfaces to depend on version v0.12.0 of the C++ library

Are these changes tested?

yes

Are there any user-facing changes?

yes

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR updates the Java library in GraphAr by refactoring the interfaces to consistently use StdSharedPtr wrappers, renaming namespaces and targets for consistency, and fixing CI configuration.

• Changes include:
  • Replacing direct type usage (e.g. VertexInfo, EdgeInfo) with StdSharedPtr wrappers in tests and API interfaces.
  • Updating JNI and CMake build targets to use “graphar” consistently and bumping the C++ dependency version to v0.12.0.
  • Adjusting the CI environment to Ubuntu 22.04 and updating Arrow dependency versions.

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 52 out of 52 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
maven-projects/java/src/main/java/org/apache/graphar/util/JNILibraryName.java	Renamed the JNI library name from “gar-jni” to “graphar-jni”.
maven-projects/java/cmake/graphar-cpp.cmake	Updated dependency version to “v0.12.0” and maintained library naming consistency.
Other files across the codebase	Refactored API and tests to use StdSharedPtr wrappers as per the new design.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

maven-projects/java/src/main/java/org/apache/graphar/util/JNILibraryName.java:23

• Ensure that the JNI library renaming from 'gar-jni' to 'graphar-jni' is propagated consistently across all build configurations and dependent modules.

    public static final String GAR_JNI_LIBRARY_NAME = "graphar-jni";

maven-projects/java/cmake/graphar-cpp.cmake:68

• Confirm that updating the graphar C++ dependency version to v0.12.0 aligns with all module expectations and dependency requirements.

    set(GAR_VERSION_TO_BUILD "v0.12.0")

[Thespica]

LGTM~
Thank you!