📚 Library Management System – CLI Application Documentation

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Overview

This project is a full-featured Library Management System (LMS) built as a Command-Line Interface (CLI) application using Java, JDBC, and PostgreSQL.

The LMS supports multiple user roles, including:

Admin

Librarian

Staff

Borrower

The system manages books, loans, requests, fines, holds, and user accounts with a clean DAO → Service → UI architecture.

📌 Features

👨‍💼 Admin

• Manage staff & librarians
• View system reports
• Full control over library operations

📚 Book Management

• Add / Update / Delete books
• Search by title, author, subject, ISBN
• Track availability

🧑‍🤝‍🧑 Borrower Management

• Register borrower
• Update borrower info
• View borrower history

📖 Loan Management

• Issue books
• Return books
• Auto-calculate late fees
• Track overdue items

📝 Request & Hold Management

• Borrower can request books
• Staff processes holds
• Automated hold queue

💰 Fine System

• Daily fine calculation
• Track fine history
• Fine payment handling

📊 Reports

• Issued books
• Loan summaries

Technologies Used

• Java 17+
• PostgreSQL
• JDBC
• Maven / Gradle / IDE Build Tools

PostgreSQL JDBC Dependency

▶ For Maven users:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
    <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
    <version>42.7.2</version>
</dependency>

▶ For Gradle users:

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.postgresql:postgresql:42.7.2'
}

▶ For IntelliJ / Manual Setup:

Download the JDBC driver manually:

🔗 https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/

Add the .jar file to your project:

File → Project Structure → Modules → Dependencies → + Add JAR

Architecture Diagram (Mermaid)

• Java 17+
• PostgreSQL
• JDBC
• Maven / IDE Build Tools

Architecture Diagram (Mermaid)

graph TD;
    A[User CLI] --> B[Controller Layer]
    B --> C[Service Layer]
    C --> D[DAO Layer]
    D --> E[(PostgreSQL DB)]
    C --> F[Utility Classes]

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Project Structure

src/
│
├── entity/
│   ├── Book.java
│   ├── Loan.java
│   ├── Borrower.java
│   ├── Staff.java
│   ├── Person.java
│   └── HoldRequest.java
│
├── dao/
│   ├── BookDAO.java
│   ├── LoanDAO.java
│   ├── UserDAO.java
│   ├── StaffDAO.java
│   └── AdminDAO.java
│
├── service/
│   ├── BookService.java
│   ├── LoanService.java
│   ├── UserService.java
│   └── StaffService.java
│
├── controller/
│   ├── AdminInterface.java
│   ├── LibrarianInterface.java
│   ├── StaffInterface.java
│   └── UserInterface.java
│
└── util/
|    ├── DBConnection.java
|    ├── InputValidation.java
|    └── ConsoleHelper.java
└── Main.java

Database Schema

Full SQL seed data provided here:

👉 Download SQL Seed File

🗄️ Database Tables

Table Name	Description
admin	Stores admin accounts and privileges
staff	Holds staff records (common parent for clerks and librarians)
clerk	Clerk-specific details (desk assignments, linked to staff)
librarian	Librarian-specific details (office assignments, linked to staff)
borrowers	Contains borrower information, login credentials, and contact details
books	Stores book details (title, author, subject, ISBN)
book_copies	Tracks individual copies of books, their condition, and issue status
loans	Tracks issued books, due dates, returns, and borrower associations
hold_requests	Manages book requests and the hold queue

▶️ Running the Project

1️⃣ Clone the repository

git clone https://github.com/joel-003/Library-Management-System.git
cd Library-Management-System

2️⃣ Setup PostgreSQL

Run the SQL seed file

psql -U postgres -d Library-Management-System -f LMS-SQL-seed.txt

3️⃣ Update JDBC credentials

private static final String URL = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/Library-Management-System";
private static final String USER = "postgres";
private static final String PASSWORD = "root";

Update DB credentials in DBConnection.java.

4️⃣ Run the project

Compile and run Main.java.

Login Flow

• User selects role (Admin/Librarian/Staff/Borrower)
• Enter credentials
• Application validates
• UI layer loads appropriate dashboard

Fine & Due Date Logic

• Each loan records issue date & due date

• Fine auto-calculated using service layer formula

• Staff/librarian can collect fine

Hold Request Flow

• Borrower requests book

• Request added to hold-queue

• Staff processes requests

• Book assigned when available

Utility Classes

DBConnection

Provides a single shared database connection.

ConsoleHelper

Clears screen and formats CLI output.

InputValidator

Reusable validation functions for email, phone, numbers, etc.

Future Improvements

• Add notifications (email/SMS)

• Add librarian shift scheduling

• Add analytics dashboard

• Add PDF report generation

• Add automated overdue reminders

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.

See the LICENSE file for full details.

🎬 Run Demo

Below is a short demo of the CLI in action:

📸 CLI Screenshots

Click below to view all screenshots:

👉 Open Screenshots Folder

UML Class Diagram

Below is the complete class diagram representing the system architecture.

Database ER Diagram

erDiagram
    admin {
        serial id PK
        text name
        text user_id
        text password
    }

    staff {
        serial id PK
        varchar name
        varchar password
        varchar email
        varchar phno
        numeric salary
        varchar role
    }

    clerk {
        int id PK, FK
        varchar deskid
    }

    librarian {
        int id PK, FK
        varchar officeid
    }

    borrowers {
        serial borrower_id PK
        varchar name
        varchar email
        varchar password
        varchar phone_number
    }

    books {
        serial book_id PK
        varchar title
        varchar author
        varchar subject
        varchar isbn
    }

    book_copies {
        serial copy_id PK
        int book_id FK
        boolean is_issued
        varchar condition
    }

    hold_requests {
        serial hold_id PK
        int book_id FK
        int borrower_id FK
        date request_date
    }

    loans {
        serial loan_id PK
        int book_id FK
        int copy_id FK
        int borrower_id FK
        date issue_date
        date due_date
        date return_date
    }

    %% Relationships based on your diagram
    staff ||--|| clerk : "is a"
    staff ||--|| librarian : "is a"

    borrowers ||--o{ hold_requests : "places"
    books ||--o{ hold_requests : "requested for"

    books ||--o{ book_copies : "has"

    borrowers ||--o{ loans : "borrows"
    books ||--o{ loans : "loaned"
    book_copies ||--o{ loans : "copy used"

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