Add Docker image for CI #136

[AdityaGupta716]

Closes #136

Adds a Docker image to simplify and speed up CI setup across workflows.

Changes:

• Added Dockerfile based on precice/precice:nightly with all common dependencies pre-installed (MPI, python3-dev, python3-venv, git, pkg-config)
• Added build-docker.yml workflow to build and push the image to DockerHub when Dockerfile or pyproject.toml changes
• Updated 5 workflows to use precice/micro-manager-ci:latest instead of manually installing dependencies in each job

Note: Two DockerHub secrets need to be added to the repo by a maintainer before the build workflow will work:

• DOCKERHUB_USERNAME
• DOCKERHUB_TOKEN

[AdityaGupta716]

Hey @MakisH @IshaanDesai, plz review !
Just a heads up — the build-docker.yml workflow needs DOCKERHUB_USERNAME and DOCKERHUB_TOKEN secrets added to the repo by someone with access. Also open to changing the image name precice/micro-manager-ci:latest if you have a preference.

[precice-bot]

This pull request has been mentioned on preCICE Forum on Discourse. There might be relevant details there:

https://precice.discourse.group/t/gsoc-2026-aditya-gupta/2773/1

[MakisH]

@AdityaGupta716 we do see all notifications, no need for direct mentions. @IshaanDesai is the maintainer in this repository, and he has these PRs in mind. Everything will be reviewed based on availability, and merged when ready.

Thank you for contributing!