psernatorre · asedlak-ucsd · Mar 3, 2026 · Mar 3, 2026 · Mar 3, 2026 · Mar 3, 2026
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dummy.yml b/.github/workflows/dummy.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: Dummy status check
+on: [pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  dummy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo "Check passed"
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
@@ -11,4 +11,9 @@ pyenv/
 slprj/
 *.log
 *.asv
-sting_log.txt
+*.html
+sting_log.txt
+**/simulation_emt/*.csv
+**/small_signal_model/*.csv
+# Ignore temp folder used for tests
+tests/tmpdir
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
-# Overview
-
- Below is a list of people and organizations that have contributed source code to this implementation of STING.  Names of individuals and organizations should be added to this list in alphabetical order. Relative contributions of individuals can be tracked via git history.
+# Contributing
+We welcome user contributions and feedback, please reach out if you would like to contribute. To test that proposed code please run `pytest tests -v` prior to submitting a pull request.
 
 ## Authors 
-- Paul Serna-Torre $^1$ (<psernatorre@ucsd.edu>)
-    - Core architecture, small-signal modeling
-- Adam Sedlak $^1$ (<asedlak@ucsd.edu>)
-    - Model reduction
-- Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez$ ^1$ (<patricia.hidalgo.g@berkeley.edu>)
+Below is a list of people and organizations that have contributed source code to this implementation of STING.  Names of individuals and organizations should be added to this list in alphabetical order. Relative contributions of individuals can be tracked via git history.
 
 
+- Adam Sedlak $^1$ (<asedlak@ucsd.edu>)
+- Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez $^1$ (<phidalgogonzalez@ucsd.edu>)
+- Paul Serna-Torre $^1$ $^\dagger$ (<psernatorre@ucsd.edu>)
+- Ruth Kravis $^2$
+
 **Organizations**
-$1$. University of California San Diego (Renewable Energy + Advanced Mathematics Lab)
-$2$. University of California Berkeley (Energy Modeling, Analysis, and Control)
-$3$. Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, Peru (Facultad de Ingenieria Electrica y Electronica)
+
+$1$. University of California San Diego (Renewable Energy + Advanced Mathematics Lab).<br>
+$2$. University of California Berkeley (Energy Modeling, Analysis, and Control).<br>
+$\dagger$. Lead author.
 
 ## Papers
-1. 
+1. P. Serna-Torre, A. Sedlak, and P. Hidalgo-Gonzalez "A Generalized and Open-Source State-Space Framework to Derive Small-Signal Models for EMT dynamics of Inverter-Dominated Grids", [*TechRxiv*, 2026](https://www.techrxiv.org/doi/full/10.36227/techrxiv.177220455.58382442/v1).
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -23,22 +23,29 @@ Welcome! This repository contains sting—**S**pecialized **T**ool for **IN**ver
     $ source .venv/bin/activate
     (.venv)$ pip install -e .  
     ```
-
-2. **Run sting**: To ensure that sting was installed correctly navigate to the examples folder. You will see examples for differents modules. Find the file run.py and execute it.
-
-## Requirements
-
-Most of modules require solvers to solve optimization models, even small-signal modeling requires a solver to solve optimal power flow. Make sure you have a solver installed in your
-computer. Here, we show a list of solvers we have used:
-
-- Ipopt
-- Gurobi
-- Mosek 
-
-## EMT simulation with SPS (Deprecated)
-
-Currently, we are offering a library of EMT models in Simulink using Specialized Power Systems (SPS) models. The idea is to replace these EMT models with pure Python scripts for EMT simulation.
-We are working on it. Make sure that you have MATLAB R2025a.
-
-1. **Open SPS library**: Go to the folder sps_library. Open the library, and make sure that it is open
-while you are running EMT simulation with our testcases.
+To install all optional dependencies, run  `pip install -e ".[all]"`. This will install extra packages necessary for optimization `solvers`, `model_reduction`, and sting `development`.
+
+2. **Run sting**: To ensure that sting was installed correctly navigate to the examples folder. You will see examples for different modules. Find the file `run.py` and execute it.
+
+### Solvers
+
+Most of modules additionally require commercial or open-source solvers to run various optimization models. For example, solving optimal power flow is needed to find an equilibrium point for small-signal modeling. We currently support and use the following libraries
+
+| Solver | How to install in your python environment     | Use                |
+|--------|-----------------------------------------------|--------------------|
+| IPOPT  | `brew install ipopt` + `pip install cyipopt`  | ACOPF              |
+| Gurobi | `pip install gurobipy`                        | Capacity expansion |
+| MOSEK  | `pip install mosek`                           | Capacity expansion |
+| SLICOT | `pip install slycot`  + `brew install gcc`    |   Model Reduction  |
+
+## Citing
+```
+@misc{STING,
+    author = {{Renewable Energy + Advanced Mathematics Lab (REAM)}},
+    title = {Specialized tool for inverter-based grids},
+    year = {2025},
+    publisher = {GitHub},
+    journal = {GitHub repository},
+    url = {https://github.com/REAM-lab/sting}
+}
+```
diff --git a/TODOs.md b/TODOs.md
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/capacity_expansion/solver_status.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/capacity_expansion/solver_status.csv
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ attribute,value
 solver_name,mosek_direct
 solver_status,ok
 termination_condition,optimal
-time_spent_seconds,0.05439305305480957
+time_spent_seconds,0.02855706214904785
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/costs_summary.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/costs_summary.csv
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 component,cost
-cost_per_timepoint_USD,17479.89692543603
+cost_per_timepoint_USD,17479.896925380977
 cost_per_period_USD,0.0
-total_cost_USD,17479.89692543603
+total_cost_USD,17479.896925380977
diff --git a/...es/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/generator_costs_summary.csv b/...es/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/generator_costs_summary.csv
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 component,cost
-cost_per_timepoint_USD,17479.89692543603
+cost_per_timepoint_USD,17479.896925380977
 cost_per_period_USD,0.0
-total_cost_USD,17479.89692543603
+total_cost_USD,17479.896925380977
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/generator_dispatch.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/generator_dispatch.csv
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 generator,scenario,timepoint,dispatch_MW
-1,sc1,1,40.00000000366119
-2,sc1,1,170.00000000377042
-3,sc1,1,323.49484627012674
+1,sc1,1,39.99999999999901
+2,sc1,1,170.00000000000188
+3,sc1,1,323.49484626904876
 4,sc1,1,0.0
-5,sc1,1,466.5051537224416
+5,sc1,1,466.50515373095027
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/line_flows.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/line_flows.csv
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name,from_bus,to_bus,scenario,timepoint,from_bus_angle_deg,to_bus_angle_deg,DCflow_MW,losses_MW
-1,1,2,sc1,1,0.0,-4.060673079633001,249.716765042436,175.2272803085583
-4,2,3,sc1,1,-4.060673079633001,-3.7464117296382278,-50.28323495756385,2.730676015221377
-2,1,4,sc1,1,0.0,-3.285999291962734,186.78838868861433,106.06530253262217
-5,3,4,sc1,1,-3.7464117296382278,-3.285999291962734,-26.788388687437237,2.1313247723535693
-3,1,5,sc1,1,0.0,0.8388843033464662,-226.50515372361883,32.83493418455053
-6,4,5,sc1,1,-3.285999291962734,0.8388843033464662,-239.9999999988228,171.0719999983218
+1,1,2,sc1,1,0.0,-4.060673079637762,249.71676504272875,175.22728030896917
+4,2,3,sc1,1,-4.060673079637762,-3.7464117296448167,-50.283234957271226,2.7306760151895944
+2,1,4,sc1,1,0.0,-3.285999291955828,186.78838868822174,106.06530253217632
+5,3,4,sc1,1,-3.7464117296448167,-3.285999291955828,-26.788388688222472,2.1313247724785187
+3,1,5,sc1,1,0.0,0.8388843033736165,-226.50515373094964,32.83493418667593
+6,4,5,sc1,1,-3.285999291955828,0.8388843033736165,-240.00000000000063,171.07200000000088
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/power_balance_by_bus.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/power_balance_by_bus.csv
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 bus,scenario,timepoint,generator_dispatch_MW,storage_dispatch_MW,load_shedding_MW,load_MW,net_line_leaving_flow_MW
-1,sc1,1,210.00000000743162,0.0,0,0.0,210.00000000743154
-2,sc1,1,0.0,0.0,0,300.0,-299.99999999999983
-3,sc1,1,323.49484627012674,0.0,0,300.0,23.4948462701266
-4,sc1,1,0.0,0.0,0,400.0,-399.9999999999999
-5,sc1,1,466.5051537224416,0.0,0,0.0,466.5051537224416
+1,sc1,1,210.00000000000088,0.0,0,0.0,210.00000000000085
+2,sc1,1,0.0,0.0,0,300.0,-299.99999999999994
+3,sc1,1,323.49484626904876,0.0,0,300.0,23.494846269048743
+4,sc1,1,0.0,0.0,0,400.0,-399.99999999999994
+5,sc1,1,466.50515373095027,0.0,0,0.0,466.50515373095027
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/solver_status.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/cost_production/solver_status.csv
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ attribute,value
 solver_name,gurobi
 solver_status,ok
 termination_condition,optimal
-time_spent_seconds,0.31107091903686523
+time_spent_seconds,0.05384087562561035
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/buses.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/buses.csv
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-id,name,type_,bus_type,zone,kron_removable_bus,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,latitude,longitude,max_flow_MW,minimum_voltage_pu,maximum_voltage_pu
-0,1,buses,slack,center,,,,,,,2400.0,,
-1,2,buses,PQ,north,,,,,,,1400.0,,
-2,3,buses,PQ,south,,,,,,,2000.0,,
-3,4,buses,PQ,south,,,,,,,2240.0,,
-4,5,buses,PQ,south,,,,,,,1240.0,,
+id,name,type_,zone,bus_type,kron_removable_bus,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,latitude,longitude,max_flow_MW,minimum_voltage_pu,maximum_voltage_pu
+0,1,buses,center,slack,,,,,,,2400.0,,
+1,2,buses,north,PQ,,,,,,,1400.0,,
+2,3,buses,south,PQ,,,,,,,2000.0,,
+3,4,buses,south,PQ,,,,,,,2240.0,,
+4,5,buses,south,PQ,,,,,,,1240.0,,
diff --git a/...ity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/capacity_factors.csv b/...ity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/capacity_factors.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-id,name,type_,site,scenario,timepoint,capacity_factor,technology
-0,,capacity_factors,cf_one,sc1,1,1.0,solar
+id,name,type_,zone,site,scenario,timepoint,capacity_factor,technology
+0,,capacity_factors,,cf_one,sc1,1,1.0,solar
diff --git a/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/generators.csv b/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/generators.csv
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-id,name,type_,bus,minimum_active_power_MW,maximum_active_power_MW,minimum_reactive_power_MVAR,maximum_reactive_power_MVAR,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,technology,site,cap_existing_power_MW,cap_max_power_MW,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,cost_variable_USDperMWh,c0_USD,c1_USDperMWh,c2_USDperMWh2,emission_rate_tonneCO2perMWh,bus_id,expand_capacity,component_id,forced_dispatch_MW
-0,1,generators,1,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,40.0,40.0,14.0,14.0,0.0,14.0,0.0,,0,False,,
-1,2,generators,1,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,170.0,170.0,15.0,15.0,0.0,15.0,0.0,,0,False,,
-2,3,generators,3,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,323.4948462690518,520.0,30.0,30.0,0.0,30.0,0.0,,2,False,,
-3,4,generators,4,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,0.0,200.0,40.0,40.0,0.0,40.0,0.0,,3,False,,
-4,5,generators,5,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,466.5051537309484,600.0,10.0,10.0,0.0,10.0,0.0,,4,False,,
+id,name,type_,zone,bus,minimum_active_power_MW,maximum_active_power_MW,minimum_reactive_power_MVAR,maximum_reactive_power_MVAR,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,technology,site,cap_existing_power_MW,cap_max_power_MW,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,cost_variable_USDperMWh,c0_USD,c1_USDperMWh,c2_USDperMWh2,emission_rate_tonneCO2perMWh,bus_id,expand_capacity,component_id,forced_dispatch_MW
+0,1,generators,,1,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,40.0,40.0,14.0,14.0,0.0,14.0,0.0,,0,false,,
+1,2,generators,,1,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,170.0,170.0,15.0,15.0,0.0,15.0,0.0,,0,false,,
+2,3,generators,,3,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,323.4948462690518,520.0,30.0,30.0,0.0,30.0,0.0,,2,false,,
+3,4,generators,,4,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,0.0,200.0,40.0,40.0,0.0,40.0,0.0,,3,false,,
+4,5,generators,,5,,,,,,,,gas,cf_one,466.5051537309484,600.0,10.0,10.0,0.0,10.0,0.0,,4,false,,
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/lines.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/lines.csv
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-id,name,type_,from_bus,to_bus,r_pu,x_pu,g_pu,b_pu,expand_capacity,cap_existing_power_MW,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,angle_max_deg,angle_min_deg,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,decomposed,from_bus_id,to_bus_id,efficiency
-0,1,lines,1,2,0.00281,0.0281,0.0,0.00712,False,400.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,0,1,
-1,2,lines,1,4,0.00304,0.0304,0.0,0.00658,False,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,0,3,
-2,3,lines,1,5,0.00064,0.0064,0.0,0.03126,False,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,0,4,
-3,4,lines,2,3,0.00108,0.0108,0.0,0.01852,False,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,1,2,
-4,5,lines,3,4,0.00297,0.0297,0.0,0.00674,False,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,2,3,
-5,6,lines,4,5,0.00297,0.0297,0.0,0.00674,False,240.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,False,3,4,
+id,name,type_,zone,from_bus,to_bus,r_pu,x_pu,g_pu,b_pu,expand_capacity,cap_existing_power_MW,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,angle_max_deg,angle_min_deg,base_power_MVA,base_voltage_kV,base_frequency_Hz,decomposed,from_bus_id,to_bus_id,efficiency
+0,1,lines,,1,2,0.00281,0.0281,0.0,0.00712,false,400.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,0,1,
+1,2,lines,,1,4,0.00304,0.0304,0.0,0.00658,false,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,0,3,
+2,3,lines,,1,5,0.00064,0.0064,0.0,0.03126,false,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,0,4,
+3,4,lines,,2,3,0.00108,0.0108,0.0,0.01852,false,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,1,2,
+4,5,lines,,3,4,0.00297,0.0297,0.0,0.00674,false,1000.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,2,3,
+5,6,lines,,4,5,0.00297,0.0297,0.0,0.00674,false,240.0,0.0,360.0,-360.0,,,,false,3,4,
diff --git a/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/loads.csv b/examples/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/loads.csv
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-id,name,type_,bus,timepoint,load_MW,scenario,load_MVAR
-0,,loads,1,1,0.0,sc1,
-1,,loads,2,1,300.0,sc1,
-2,,loads,3,1,300.0,sc1,
-3,,loads,4,1,400.0,sc1,
-4,,loads,5,1,0.0,sc1,
+id,name,type_,zone,bus,timepoint,load_MW,scenario,load_MVAR
+0,,loads,,1,1,0.0,sc1,
+1,,loads,,2,1,300.0,sc1,
+2,,loads,,3,1,300.0,sc1,
+3,,loads,,4,1,400.0,sc1,
+4,,loads,,5,1,0.0,sc1,
diff --git a/...s/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/scenarios.csv b/...s/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/scenarios.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-id,name,type_,probability
-0,sc1,scenarios,1.0
+id,name,type_,zone,probability
+0,sc1,scenarios,,1.0
diff --git a/...les/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/storage.csv b/...les/capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/storage.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-id,name,type_,technology,bus,cap_existing_energy_MWh,cap_existing_power_MW,cap_max_power_MW,cost_fixed_energy_USDperkWh,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,cost_variable_USDperMWh,duration_hr,efficiency_charge,efficiency_discharge,c0_USD,c1_USDperMWh,c2_USDperMWh2,expand_capacity,bus_id
-0,cats_1,storage,hydroelectric pumped storage,1,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.92,0.92,0.0,0.0,0.0,False,0
+id,name,type_,zone,technology,bus,cap_existing_energy_MWh,cap_existing_power_MW,cap_max_power_MW,cost_fixed_energy_USDperkWh,cost_fixed_power_USDperkW,cost_variable_USDperMWh,duration_hr,efficiency_charge,efficiency_discharge,c0_USD,c1_USDperMWh,c2_USDperMWh2,expand_capacity,bus_id
+0,cats_1,storage,,hydroelectric pumped storage,1,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.92,0.92,0.0,0.0,0.0,false,0
diff --git a/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/timepoints.csv b/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/timepoints.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-id,name,type_,timeseries,timeseries_id,weight,duration_hr,prev_timepoint_id
-0,1,timepoints,winter,0,1.0,1.0,0
+id,name,type_,zone,timeseries,timeseries_id,weight,duration_hr,prev_timepoint_id
+0,1,timepoints,,winter,0,1.0,1.0,0
diff --git a/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/timeseries.csv b/.../capacity_expansion/5bus_sequential/outputs/input_data_for_cost_production/timeseries.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-id,name,type_,timepoint_duration_hr,number_of_timepoints,timeseries_scale_to_period,start,end,period,timepoint_selection_method
-0,winter,timeseries,1.0,1,1.0,,,,
+id,name,type_,zone,timepoint_duration_hr,number_of_timepoints,timeseries_scale_to_period,start,end,period,timepoint_selection_method
+0,winter,timeseries,,1.0,1,1.0,,,,